Theoretical Mechanics IPSP

An introductory mathematical treatise of the theory of ODEs that is well-accessible for physicists is given by

• J. David Logan: A First Course in Differential Equations (Springer, 2015) PDF from author
  Beware that there were complaints about typos in the Amazon Reviews.

The text book that has fundamentally shaped my understanding of the topic is

• Vladimir I. Arnol’d: Ordinary Differential Equations (Springer, 1992) ISBN: 978-3-540-34563-3
  The first chapter should be accessible based on a the introductory maths courses. Some of the advanced material is a challenge even for my graduate students!